China’s Maritime Ambitions and Their Implications

“To become rich, one must go to the sea.” This proverb, deeply ingrained in Vietnamese culture, seems to also guide China’s ambitious maritime strategy. From a once closed-off nation, China has transformed itself, expanding its reach across the oceans and asserting its position as a global power. But is this path truly smooth, and what questions does it raise for regional security, especially for Vietnam – a country with a millennial connection to the sea?

China’s maritime policy is considered by experts to be a comprehensive strategy encompassing various aspects, from economic and military to political and diplomatic. What exactly is China’s maritime policy, and how does it affect Vietnam? This article will delve into these questions.

China’s Maritime Policy: The Awakening Dragon

Chinese Navy ship in the South China Sea

To better understand China’s maritime ambitions, we need to look back at history. From the 15th to the 19th centuries, China was a major maritime power. However, for various reasons, China subsequently turned its back on the sea, focusing on domestic development. It wasn’t until the 1980s, under Deng Xiaoping’s leadership, that China began to recognize the importance of the sea. The subsequent implementation of its maritime policy marked a turning point in the nation’s development strategy.

This policy goes beyond merely developing the maritime economy and exploiting marine resources; it involves building a powerful navy, controlling crucial shipping lanes, and asserting sovereignty over maritime territories. The Nguyen Dynasty’s policy towards Southern Vietnam provides a historical example of the importance of controlling maritime regions.

China’s Maritime Policy and its Repercussions

China’s maritime policy has brought the country numerous benefits, contributing to economic growth and enhancing its international standing. However, this strategy has also raised concerns within the international community, particularly among neighboring countries, including Vietnam.

Map of the South China Sea with China's nine-dash line

China has unilaterally claimed sovereignty over a vast majority of the South China Sea through its controversial “nine-dash line.” This action has seriously violated international law, threatening peace, stability, and maritime security in the region. Prof. Dr. Nguyen Van An, an expert in international relations, states: “China’s maritime policy is creating a tense and competitive environment in the South China Sea. This could lead to conflict, harming all parties involved.”

So, what can Vietnam do to respond to China’s maritime policy?

Vietnam: Resolutely Defending its Maritime Sovereignty

Vietnam consistently affirms its undeniable sovereignty over the Paracel and Spratly Islands, based on historical legal grounds and international law. Vietnam persists in resolving disputes peacefully, in accordance with international law, while strengthening cooperation with regional and international partners to maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea.

“Our sea is ours to govern; we must preserve it for future generations.” President Ho Chi Minh’s resolute statement remains the guiding principle for all of Vietnam’s actions in protecting its sacred maritime sovereignty.

Conclusion

China’s maritime policy is a long-term strategy with calculated geopolitical implications. Vietnam needs to remain vigilant and discerning, engaging in both cooperation and assertive action to safeguard its national interests.

Are you interested in other international policies? Learn more about:

• The South China Sea in Japan’s Policy
• European Balance of Power Policy

Vietnamese Coast Guard in the South China Sea

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